How to model and design high-rise building using ETABS program

How to model and design high-rise building using ETABS program - 2007 Nageh
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Building Codes updated 2011.05 without equation errors - us customary

(For acamedic use only)

The “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete” (“Code”) covers the materials, design, and construction of structural concrete used in buildings and where applicable in nonbuilding Structures. The Code also covers the strength evaluation of existing concrete structures.

Contents: INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 1—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

CHAPTER 2—NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS

CHAPTER 3—MATERIALS

CHAPTER 4—DURABILITY REQUIREMENTS

CHAPTER 5—CONCRETE QUALITY, MIXING, AND PLACING

CHAPTER 6—FORMWORK, EMBEDMENTS, AND CONSTRUCTION JOINTS

CHAPTER 7—DETAILS OF REINFORCEMENT

CHAPTER 8—ANALYSIS AND DESIGN—GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

CHAPTER 9—STRENGTH AND SERVICEABILITY REQUIREMENTS

CHAPTER 10—FLEXURE AND AXIAL LOADS

CHAPTER 11—SHEAR AND TORSION

CHAPTER 12—DEVELOPMENT AND SPLICES OF REINFORCEMENT

CHAPTER 13—TWO-WAY SLAB SYSTEMS

CHAPTER 14—WALLS

CHAPTER 15—FOOTINGS

CHAPTER 16—PRECAST CONCRETE

CHAPTER 17—COMPOSITE CONCRETE FLEXURAL MEMBERS

CHAPTER 18—PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

CHAPTER 19—SHELLS AND FOLDED PLATE MEMBERS

CHAPTER 20—STRENGTH EVALUATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

CHAPTER 21—EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT STRUCTURES

CHAPTER 22—STRUCTURAL PLAIN CONCRETE

APPENDIX A—STRUT-AND-TIE MODELS

APPENDIX B—ALTERNATIVE PROVISIONS FOR REINFORCED AND PRESTRESSED

CONCRETE FLEXURAL AND COMPRESSION MEMBERS

APPENDIX C—ALTERNATIVE LOAD AND STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTORS

APPENDIX D—ANCHORING TO CONCRETE

APPENDIX E—STEEL REINFORCEMENT INFORMATION

APPENDIX F—EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN SI-METRIC, MKS-METRIC, AND U.S. CUSTOMARY

UNITS OF NONHOMOGENOUS EQUATIONS IN THE CODE

COMMENTARY REFERENCES

INDEX

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Tips of Reinforced Concrete for Site Engineers

General points to remember:

• Lapping is not allowed for the bars having diameters more than 36 mm.
• Chair spacing maximum spacing is 1.00 m (or) 1 No per 1m².
• For dowels rod minimum of 12 mm diameter should be used.
• Chairs minimum of 12 mm diameter bars to be used.
• Longitudinal reinforcement not less than 0.8% and more than 6% of gross C/S.
• Minimum bars for square column is 4 No’s and 6 No’s for circular column.
• Main bars in the slabs shall not be less than 8 mm (HYSD) or 10 mm (Plain bars) and the distributors not less than 8 mm and not more than 1/8 of slab thickness.
• Minimum thickness of slab is 125 mm.
• Dimension tolerance for cubes + 2 mm.
• Free fall of concrete is allowed maximum to 1.50m.
• Lap slices not be used for bar larger than 36 mm.
• Water absorption of bricks should not be more than 15 %.
• PH value of the water should not be less than 6.
• Compressive strength of Bricks is 3.5 N / mm^2.
• In steel reinforcement binding wire required is 8 kg per MT.
• In soil filling as per IS code, 3 samples should be taken for core cutting test for every 100m².

Density of Materials:

Material	Density
Bricks	1600 – 1920 kg/m3
Concrete block	1920 kg/ m3
Reinforced concrete	2310 – 2700 kg/ m3

Curing time of RCC Members for different types of cement:

Super Sulphate cement: 7 days
Ordinary Portland cement OPC: 10 days
Minerals & Admixture added cement: 14 days

De-Shuttering time of different RCC Members:

RCC Member	De-shuttering time
For columns, walls, vertical form works	16-24 hrs.
Soffit formwork to slabs	3 days (props to be refixed after removal)
Soffit to beams props	7 days (props to refixed after removal)
Beams spanning upto 4.5m	7 days
Beams spanning over 4.5m	14 days
Arches spanning up to 6m	14 days
Arches spanning over 6m	21 days

Cube samples required for different quantity of concrete:

Quantity of Concrete	No. of cubes required
1 to 5 m3	1 No’s
6 to15 m3	2 No’s
16 to 30 m3	3 No’s
31 to 50 m3	4 No’s
Above 50 m3	4 + 1 No’s of addition of each 50 m3

LinPro Ver. 2.7.2 by Enes Siljak

LinPro Ver. 2.7.2. Freeware Program for static and dynamic analysis of plane frames.

Compiled on Sunday, September 16, 2007, 14:49:28 by Enes Siljak

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Beamax ver 2.1 by Lutz Roeder

Beamax ver 2.1 by Lutz Roeder

Beamax is an application for visually editing and analyzing continuous beam structures.

Note: have some bug in analysis of beams with overhanging portions

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Sable32

Sable32
Structural Analysis and Design Software version 5.1
for educational use only
 developed by James K Nelson, Western Michigan University



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Tips: DETAILING OF RCC BEAMS

The detailing of beams is normally associated with:
i) Size and number (or spacing) of bars,
ii) Lap and curtailment (or bending) of bars,
iii) Development length of bars,
iv) Clear cover to the reinforcement and
v) Spacer and chair bars.
Anchorage in steel bars is normally provided in the form of bends and hooks. Twisted steel bars or deformed steel bars are not provided with hooks. The anchorage value of bend of bar is taken as 4 times the diameter of bar for every 45⁰ bend subjected to maximum of 16 times the diameter of bar. Fig.1 shows the standard hooks and bends. Bars are lapped over each other for increasing the length of bars. Minimum lap length should be equal to development length. Development length for bars in different concrete mix is given tables 4.2 to 4.4 of SP34.

Fig.1: Standard Hooks and Bends in Reinforcement

The value of K in above figure depends on type of steel used which is given below:

Sl. No.	Type of steel	Min. value of K
1	Mild steel	2
2	Cold worked steel	4

Fig.2: Reinforcement details in Beams

Different types of stirrups used are shown in Fig.3.

Fig.3: Details of Beam Reinforcement